Current information!
Frosts are spreading throughout Ukraine.
WHAT DANGER DOES FROSTS THREAT CROP PLANTS IN APRIL?
WINTER WHEAT (from the tillering phase to the beginning of emergence into the tube)
Temperature stress: Wheat is already actively growing, and when the temperature drops below -4…-5°C, damage to the apical growth points is possible.
Slowing down photosynthesis: Low temperatures inhibit the activity of enzymes involved in chlorophyll synthesis, which will lead to inhibition of assimilation processes.
Risk of cell wall ruptures: If frosts are severe, ice crystals form in the tissues, which can damage the epidermis and vascular system, reducing the transport of water and nutrients.
Growth retardation: The transition to the next phase may be delayed, and weakened plants will be at increased risk of infections (Septoriosis, powdery mildew).
WINTER RAPE (rosette phase, arrowing)
If the temperature drops below -6…-8°C at night: , the central bud may die, which will lead to a decrease in the number of lateral shoots and yield loss.
Leaf deformation: Cells lose turgor, after thawing, necrosis appears on the leaves, especially on the lower leaves, which impairs photosynthetic activity.
At temperatures below 0°C, nitrogen availability decreases, since its absorption requires active enzymatic work. This will weaken further plant development after cooling.
SPRING BARLEY (3-4 leaf phase, beginning of tillering)
At temperatures of -4…-5°C, cell division disorders are possible, which will lead to a slowdown in the formation of new shoots.
Delayed tillering: Lower temperatures inhibit the synthesis of cytokinins (hormones that stimulate lateral branching), which can lead to the formation of fewer productive stems.
PEAS (seedlings, beginning of the first pair of leaves)
If the temperature drops below -4°C, cell division disorders in growth zones are possible, which will lead to deformation of young leaves.
Destruction of cell membranes: Ice crystals can damage delicate tissues, especially if there is a sharp temperature drop after frost.
Delayed root system development: Stress can reduce the activity of root hairs, which will impair the absorption of moisture and nutrients.
HOW TO HELP PLANTS?
We recommend applying PPP “AKM” (0.5 l/ha) at least 1 day “before” frosts or, if farms do not have time to process the entire area, then after frosts, it is mandatory to apply it the next day. There is a maximum of 3 days after a sharp drop in temperature to affect crops! The working solution rate is 100 l/ha.
After night frosts, when night temperatures become +2, it is necessary to treat with PPP “Endofit L1” (20 ml/ha).
MECHANISM OF ACTION AND GENERAL ESSENCE OF THESE TREATMENTS:
PPR "AKM" (0.5 l/ha) for agricultural crops:
Antioxidant protection: stimulates the synthesis of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase), which neutralize free radicals formed during temperature stress.
Strengthening of cell walls: affects the strengthening of the structure of cell membranes, reducing the risk of their damage during the formation of ice crystals.
Regulation of water balance: improves osmotic pressure in cells, reducing moisture loss during frosts and accelerating the restoration of turgor after stress.
Activation of metabolism: amino acids and biologically active substances support the work of enzymatic systems, which prevents a sharp slowdown in photosynthesis and respiration.
Increasing the availability of nutrients: improves the absorption of macro- and microelements, in particular nitrogen and potassium, which are critical for resistance to temperature stress.
Reducing hormonal imbalance: regulates the ratio of phytohormones (auxins, cytokinins, abscisic acid), which contributes to faster recovery after frost.
Optimizing photosynthesis after stress: prevents chlorosis and growth inhibition, contributing to faster growth of vegetative mass after temperature normalization.
(20 ml/ha, PPP "Endophyte L1" 100 l of water 3-4 days after frost at night temperatures of +2°C and above).
Stimulating recovery: auxins and cytokinins help activate cell division and regeneration of damaged tissues.
Strengthening root nutrition: bioactive substances in the preparation contribute to better absorption of macro- and microelements;
Acceleration of growth after stress: the delay in phase development after cooling is reduced.
Compatibility of PPP "Endofit L1" with PGR:
1. Fungicides - ✅ can be mixed
• Phytohormones (auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins) do not conflict with most fungicides.
• Unsaturated fatty acids can even improve the penetration of active substances into tissues.
• But if the fungicide contains copper (a group of copper-containing drugs), there may be a partial antagonistic effect.
2. Insecticides – ✅ can be mixed, but with caution
• Organophosphates, pyrethroids and neonicotinoids usually do not conflict with the components of the “Endophyte L1” PPP.
• But oil-based insecticides can impair the absorption of the biostimulant due to the possible formation of a film.
3. Herbicides – ⚠️ be careful, plant stress is possible
• Auxins, which are part of the “Endophyte L1” PPP, can interact with herbicides, especially those of the hormonal group (2,4-D, dicamba).
• If herbicides are planned to be used, it is better to apply the “Endophyte L1” PPP 3-5 days after treatment or 2-3 days before applying the herbicide.
