BS "VitaStar RK+S" is a highly concentrated organo-mineral fertilizer with an organic matter content of 52.9%, P2O5 - 35.9%, K2O - 18.5% and SO4 - 0.9-1.0% per 1 kg of tank mix. It is a universal seedbed fertilizer for winter and spring crops. It is applied together with nitrogen fertilizer (KAS/urea). It is used:

- for pre-sowing cultivation, peeling, RTS;

- when sowing in a row;

- as root top dressing;

- after vegetation for foliar top dressing.

Comparative assessment and effectiveness of application

BS "VitaStar RK+S" to complex fertilizers when sowing

The best solid seedbed fertilizer for all agricultural crops is ammophos. It has a large amount of the active substance phosphorus in its composition, depending on the manufacturer's brand (N10P46, N18P48). There are many other phosphorus-containing fertilizers on the Ukrainian market: sulfoammophos, diamphos, nitrophoska, nitrophoska, nitroammofoska, nitrodiamphoska, superfoska, carboammophos, carboammophoska, calcium metaphosphate, ammonium metaphosphate, ammonium polyphosphate and others. The main component of phosphorus nutrition in most of these fertilizers is the anion Н2РО42-, which is absorbed by plants from the soil solution. During the year, the anion Н2РО42- moves in the soil for a small distance of 0.8 - 1.0 cm. The phosphorus utilization rate from these fertilizers is relatively small, since it does not exceed 25-27% of the active substance.

The main disadvantage of such fertilizers when applied to the soil is the chemical binding of the H2PO42- anion to poorly soluble compounds - calcium and magnesium phosphates. This process occurs especially quickly on carbonate soils, as well as in arid conditions, under which calcium and magnesium carbonates move to the upper layers of the soil. This process is also accelerated by surface and zero tillage, which are currently widespread in production conditions on large areas. Under such conditions, in the case of fertilizing crops with solid complex phosphorus-containing fertilizers, mobile phosphorus from fertilizers quickly binds to the soil, which leads to a decrease in its availability for plants.

Thus, liquid complex fertilizers (RCD or RCD concentrates) made on the basis of polyphosphoric/pyrophosphoric acid or on the basis of potassium monophosphate (with acidic pH) are more promising, because these substances do not have the above-mentioned disadvantages. Potassium monophosphate (with acidic pH) or salts of these two acids do not enter into chemical interaction with calcium and magnesium carbonates. Therefore, they have a high coefficient of assimilation by plants.

BS "VitaStar RK+S" is made of potassium monophosphate. With the help of acidity correctors included in the composition, the working solution of the tank mixture has pH (solution) = 4.2 - 4.7. The assimilation of nutrients by plants from the tank mixture is 87 - 91%. The acidic component of BS "VitaStar RK+S" allows you to partially convert immobile phosphates in the soil into available elements for crop nutrition.

Let's consider the use of BS "VitaStar RK+S" for spring crops. Fertilizers are ineffective when sowing for spring crops, because the effectiveness of dry mineral fertilizers strongly depends on the timeliness and amount of precipitation, on the half-life of the granule and the active substance. If precipitation falls after the formation of the plant's root system, the fertilizer will not have time to dissolve in the soil to nourish the plant during the growing season.

When applying BS "VitaStar RK+S" to the soil, due to the organic component, the number of "aboriginal" microorganisms, their titer and viability increases, the soil temperature increases by 1.0-1.5°C (allows earlier sowing), the accumulation of humus is accelerated, the efficiency of mineral fertilizers is improved, which allows reducing the application of complex/complex fertilizers at sowing. The mineral component of the tank mixture when applied to the soil is already a liquid and available form of nutrition for crops. When applying BS "VitaStar RK+S" with UAN or with urea when sowing spring crops, liquid fertilizers are consumed more cost-effectively than solid/fertilizers. This agricultural technique is effective in areas with insufficient moisture.

Let's consider the use of BS "VitaStar RK+S" on winter crops. When sowing winter crops from granular/fertilizer fertilizers, the crop uses nitrogen in the fall: 20-30%, phosphorus - 8-10%, and the rest in the spring, then with BS "VitaStar RK+S" the phosphorus component is immediately in a form available to plants and is used by 27-30% in the fall, and organic matter and the rest of the phosphorus in the spring.

There is another advantage factor – this is the prolonged action of BS “VitaStar RK+S” in early spring, since when nitrogen fertilizers (CAS, nitrate, urea) are applied early in spring, nitrogen is consumed by the crop slowly but surely at a temperature of 0˚С…+2˚С, and phosphorus from solid/fertilizers begins its action at a temperature of +8˚С (a clear window of 5–6 days), so the organic matter does not require temperatures above +5˚С (resumption of vegetation), but is gradually absorbed by the crop at t=+2˚С. This method of feeding prevents the death of winter crops during winter thaws and spring frosts by maximally supporting the crop and not using the already accumulated sugars for overwintering, but concentrating them on productivity.

The company PE “VKF “IMPTORGSERVIS” recommends applying KAS (50 – 150 kg/ha) + BS “VitaStar RK+S”

(2 kg/ha) for pre-sowing cultivation/hulling/RTS. When using highly concentrated BS “VitaStar RK+S”, it is necessary to prepare a mother liquor: 1 kg of the tank mix is ​​easily dissolved in 40 l of water. After preparing the mother liquor, it is added to KAS. Or, if farms do not use KAS, then urea can be used. The calculation is made for 1 ha: 1 – prepare a mother liquor from urea (20 – 25 kg per 100 l of water); 2 – prepare a mother liquor from BS “VitaStar RK+S” (2 kg of tank mix per 80 l of water). Mix the two solutions and add water to the working solution rate of 200 l/ha.

It has been proven by many scientific institutions that BS "VitaStar RK+S" at a dose of 6 kg/ha replaces 150 kg/ha of nitroammofoska (N16P16K16). It is impossible to apply it at such a dose during sowing due to the high concentration of organic matter (prevention of root system burns). Therefore, the optimal dose of the tank mixture was experimentally calculated at a dose of 2 kg/ha, which, from the above, replaces 8 kg/ha of N16P16K16 (with a physical weight of 50 kg/ha), but with a higher efficiency of absorption of the active substance.

From an economic point of view: the price for January 2023 for N16P16K16 is 40,000 UAH/t. When applying it at a dose of 100 kg/ha = 4000 UAH/ha, respectively, 8 kg/ha per d.v. with N16P16K16 = 2000 UAH/ha, and BS "VitaStar RK+S" has a cost of 867 UAH/ha. But! Not only the economic effect is considered when using BS "VitaStar RK+S", but also qualitative and quantitative.

Advantages of using BS "VitaStar RK+S":

- production and cost of BS "VitaStar RK+S" is cheaper than solid fertilizers;

- is better distributed over the soil surface (can be applied in a row);

- does not contain substances toxic to crops;

- is more effectively absorbed by plants, especially in drought;

- nutrients are already in an accessible form for feeding crops;

– the active substance is absorbed by 87-91%, and in phosphorus-containing fertilizers by 20-25%, maximum 27% (sulfoammophos);

– in case of insufficient moisture in the soil, plants receive an additional amount of available moisture, which is not spent on dissolving the granule and active substance from solid/fertilizer fertilizers;

– when applied to the soil, the amount of mobile phosphates increases during the growing season, compared to the case of using solid orthophosphates;

– the tank mixture is not bound in the soil by Ca2+ and Mg2+ cations;

– contains 52.9% organic matter per 1 kg of BS, which has a prolonged effect;

– is continuously used by the crop in 2 stages: 1 – mineral part; 2 – organic matter;

– is applied by a sprayer;

Features of use

A day before use, the tank mixture must be placed in a warm room with a temperature not lower than +18°C for better preparation of the mother liquor.

BS "VitaStar PK+S" is compatible with all herbicides and agrochemicals registered in Ukraine, but in each specific case it should be checked for compatibility.

Working and mother liquors are not subject to long-term storage and must be used within 24 hours.

When using, observe the usual safety measures.

The tank mixture is an environmentally friendly product, absolutely safe for crops and the environment.

There is a cumulative effect. It has a prolonged effect.

Storage conditions: at a temperature of -15 °C to + 40 °C.

Shelf life: three years from the date of manufacture in undamaged factory packaging.